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Papers On Chemistry
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Chlorine
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This 3 page paper discusses the element chlorine. Bibliography lists 3 sources
Filename: HVChlori.rtf
Paper Title: Chlorine
Chlorine and Bleach
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This 4 page report discusses the properties of the element
chlorine and how and why it is used in common bleach and disinfectant applications.
Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BWbleach.rtf
Paper Title: Chlorine and Bleach
Clay
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A 9 page examination of the industrial mineral - clay. Paper explores its chemical and physical properties, origin, and industrial uses. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: Clay.wps
Paper Title: Clay
Cleaner Plastics; Lifecycle and Recycling
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Plastics are associated with poor environmental practices consuming fossil fuels in their production and disposal. This 20 page paper considers the way in plastics production and recycling may be undertaken in a cleaner way. The paper focuses on recycling looking at the lifecycle from the recycling perspective including the creation of plastics using plants that result in biodegradable plastics as well as the ways in which plastics may be recycled. The bibliography cites 50 sources.
Filename: TEplastics.rtf
Paper Title: Cleaner Plastics; Lifecycle and Recycling
Comparing the size of the ONO bond angle in NO2 with NO2 -1 and NO3 -1
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This 4 page paper looks at how the size of the O-N-O bond angle in NO2 compares to the size of the O-N-O bond angles in NO2 -1 and NO3 -1 and explain how and why these differences occur. The bibliography cites 5 sources.
Filename: TEONObond.rtf
Paper Title: Comparing the size of the ONO bond angle in NO2 with NO2 -1 and NO3 -1
Cooking And Chemistry
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Ever watched an egg boil? Ever have an urge to
find out what types of chemical processes are occurring as the egg
boils? This 5 page paper explores he chemical processes of cooking.
Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: KTcokchm.wps
Paper Title: Cooking And Chemistry
Copper
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This 5 page paper provides an overview of the element copper. Basic information is provided, inclusive of its many uses. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: SA614cu.rtf
Paper Title: Copper
Creatine Phosphate
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A 5 page research paper that discusses the biochemistry of creatine phosphate, a crucial element in the production of muscle energy. The writer discusses its function, structure, and pathways. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: khpo3.rtf
Paper Title: Creatine Phosphate
Defining Osmosis
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This 5 page report discusses and explains
the concept of osmosis which is how one element or
ingredient of a solution flows through a membrane while
other components of a solutuon are shut out and unable to
pass through the membrane. In order to determine which
membranes allow the flow of which constituents of a solution
requires experimentation since not all membranes act the
same way. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: BWosmos.rtf
Paper Title: Defining Osmosis
Dental Fillings: History, Types and Uses
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An 8 page discussion of the
history of dental fillings. Traces the filling from ancient times to
present exploring the various types of materials which were used. Explains that the choice of filling is related to performance but also to availability and cost. Notes that the evolutionary path of fillings is tied as well to the evolutionary paths of other dentistry aspects such as drill evolution and the development of molding techniques and
materials. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPdentFi.wps
Paper Title: Dental Fillings: History, Types and Uses
Discuss how well Popper’s model of Conjectures and Refutations applies to Fleming's Work on Penicillin
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A paper which considers the differences between Popper's methodology and that of the inductionists, and applies the theories to Fleming's discovery of penicillin. Bibliography lists 4 sources
Filename: JLpoper.rtf
Paper Title: Discuss how well Popper’s model of Conjectures and Refutations applies to Fleming's Work on Penicillin
Dr. Willis H. Carrier: Father of Air Conditioning
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A 6 page paper which examines the life and contribution of Dr. Willis H. Carrier, the Father of Air Conditioning. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: RAaircn.rtf
Paper Title: Dr. Willis H. Carrier: Father of Air Conditioning
Drug Chemistry: The Effect of Ionization of Absorption and Excretion
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A 4 page overview of the relation of drug ionization, specifically of whether the drug is a weak acid or a weak base, to its absorption into the body and consequent excretion from the body. Notes a differential absorption and excretion, according to physiological pH, as to where the drug is absorbed and when it is excreted. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: PPdrugCh.rtf
Paper Title: Drug Chemistry: The Effect of Ionization of Absorption and Excretion
Early Photography: The Calotype
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(7pp) The base of a calotype negative, rather than
the glass or film to which we have become
accustomed, was high quality writing paper. The
sheet of paper was carefully selected to have a
smooth and uniform texture and, wherever possible,
to avoid the watermark. It was offered as the
chief alternative to the Daguerreotype and was more
popular with amateur photographers, artists, and
scientists, who used it widely, since the negative
could be corrected with pencil.
Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: BBcalotp.doc
Paper Title: Early Photography: The Calotype
Effects of Volatile Anesthetics on G Proteins
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This 12 page
report discusses the effects of volatile (inhalation) anesthetics
on G-proteins. G proteins are a key to the chemical “switches”
that get take place in order to communicate messages in the body.
As the receptors react, they change shape which then allows for
the G protein to also change. It releases the a GDP molecule and
grabs onto a related molecule called GTP. Having attached the
GTP to itself, it then acts on membrane processes such as enzymes
and ion channels. That process then results in a new “messenger”
molecule -- cyclic AMP. An 'enzymatic cascade' then takes place
because the AMP causes a protein reaction. A literature review is
included that outlines a number of the projects regarding the
subject that have been undertaken in the past decade.
Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: BWvolane.rtf
Paper Title: Effects of Volatile Anesthetics on G Proteins
Energy Transfer in Cells
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This 5 page paper considers energy transfer in cells. The writer looks at the process, defining what is meant by energy and how it can be seen as a two way function of energy transformation. The writer includes consideration of the Laws of Thermodynamics, the role of Adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and metabolic pathways. The bibliography cites 3 sources.
Filename: TEcellen.wps
Paper Title: Energy Transfer in Cells
Enzymes and the Krebs Cycle
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A 5 page paper discussing enzymes at their most basic
level. Comprised of amino acids, enzymes are the catalysts of myriad biochemical reactions. In keeping with the true nature of catalysts, they accelerate and enable reactions without being materially affected themselves. The second section of the paper presents a diagram of the Krebs or citric acid cycle. Taking place in the mitochondria of the cell, the citric acid cycle is the last in a series of steps that convert 'food' into 'energy.' Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: KSenzyme.wps
Paper Title: Enzymes and the Krebs Cycle
Equilibrium and Drinking Water Purification
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A 5 page exploration of the chemical factors that facilitate the use of reverse osmosis to purify drinking water. Bibliography lists 3 sources
Filename: PPosmosisReverseSaltWater.rtf
Paper Title: Equilibrium and Drinking Water Purification
Factors Affecting Stomatal Opening
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This 14 page paper looks at the different factors that influence stomatal opening and how these factors are seen as a biochemical level. The paper outlines the environmental factors that create or inhibit the stomatal opening and then examines the role of guard cells and the way they may open and close the aperture and the way that the actions of the guard cells may be adjusted. The bibliography cites 7 sources.
Filename: TEstomat.rtf
Paper Title: Factors Affecting Stomatal Opening
Food and Freezing
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A 4 page paper which discusses the changes food goes through during the freezing process. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: RAfoodf.rtf
Paper Title: Food and Freezing
Food Colorings
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A 5 page paper discussing the use, origins and controversy of food color additives. The visual appeal of attractive food is too well established to believe that the FDA will make any real effort to remove food coloring agents from its list of approved additives. The product class can be expected to continue to be important, particularly in prepared foods. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: KSfoodColor.rtf
Paper Title: Food Colorings
Fuel Cell Technology
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A 22 page paper that provides a comprehensive overview of fuel cell technology. Discussion includes: an introduction to fuel cells, what they are, how they work and the types of fuel cells in research; applications for fuel cell technology, including those that are already in use; fuel cell-powered motor vehicles and what the progress is in this industry, including manufacturers who have already introduced fuel cell-powered cars and the forecasts for the near future; issues concerning hydrogen; problems and disadvantages with fuel cells and a conclusion. Bibliography lists 6 sources.
Filename: PGfuelcl.rtf
Paper Title: Fuel Cell Technology
Gate-Induced Superconductivity in a Solution Processed Organic Polymer Film
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This 8 page paper provides an overview of an article on gate-induced superconductivity in a solution processed organic polymer film. The researchers recognized that considerable research has been conducted in recent years regarding the best options for low-cost replacements for conventional metals and other semiconductors. They outline their own research study, and this paper also shows some conflicts that arose from this study. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: MHGateIn.rtf
Paper Title: Gate-Induced Superconductivity in a Solution Processed Organic Polymer Film
Generic Verses Brand Name / Which Is The Best Anticoagulant?
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A 8 page comparison of the brand-name anticoagulant Coumadin and the generic equivalent warfarin sodium. Outlines research methodology recommended to discern differences in the two drugs and provides information obtained both through a review of the literature and through oral interviews. Concludes that at present the brand-name Coumadin would appear to be the safer choice. Bibliography lists two sources.
Filename: Anticoag.wps
Paper Title: Generic Verses Brand Name / Which Is The Best Anticoagulant?
Hallucinogens
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A 5 page paper which examines various hallucinogens. The hallucinogens are classified and the divisions of hallucinogens are presented. The hallucinogens discussed and examined are LSD and psilocybin. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAhalluc.rtf
Paper Title: Hallucinogens
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