Article Analysis: American Indian Societies
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This 3 page paper analyzes selections about Native Americans in the section, "Transformation, Endurance, and Rejuvenation of American Indian Societies, 1870-1995" from the Gregory Gordon text. The various selections presented include modern day accounts as well as historical works, including letters from soldiers and Native Americans. Bibliography lists 2 sources.
Filename: HVRejuve.rtf
Paper Title: Article Analysis: American Indian Societies

Assessing Three Themes From The Voyage Of Cabeza De Vaca
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5 pages in length. The writer discusses the following three themes in relation to Cabeza de Vaca's voyage: how the Spaniards and Indians viewed one another; Spaniard hatred and racism toward the Indians; and assimilating into Indian culture. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: TLCdvaca.wps
Paper Title: Assessing Three Themes From The Voyage Of Cabeza De Vaca

Assimilating To Alleviate Problems For Canada's Native Peoples: Argument Against
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10 pages in length. Since the Puritans first stepped foot onto North America, relations between indigenous peoples and the forceful newcomers have been strained to say the least. The problems of Canada's native peoples illustrate similar struggles faced by other indigenous North American populations whose primary objective is to maintain their heritage in the face of overwhelming cultural challenges. Clearly, the proposition that claims assimilation is the best strategy to alleviate the problem of Canada's native peoples is nothing more than a veiled attempt to infiltrate existing cultures so that they adequately blend with the rest of Canadian society. In short, to encourage assimilation would be to advocate the quest for control. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TLCCanNt.wps
Paper Title: Assimilating To Alleviate Problems For Canada's Native Peoples: Argument Against

BERGER AND THE INDIGENOUS NATIVES
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This 5 page paper examines the thesis of Thomas Berger in his book The Long Shadow. The thesis is that indigenous people (i.e., natives) in the Americans are being as shabbily treated today by corporations and private concerns as they were hundreds of years ago as settlers began to infiltrate their lands. The paper names current examples of why Berger's thesis is correct. Bibliography lists 3 sources.
Filename: MTshadow.rtf
Paper Title: BERGER AND THE INDIGENOUS NATIVES

Black Elk Speaks
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A 6 page paper which discusses the book "Black Elk Speaks: Being the Life Story of a Holy Man of the Oglala Sioux," translated and published by John Neihardt, and argues that it is a tale of how the his tribe, and perhaps all Native American Tribes, lost much of what was precious to them. We examine the fact that the death of their power and way of life could have been caused by the arrival of the White man, but that it could also have been for reasons unknown as of yet, which is, in many ways, what Black Elk seems to be saying. The White man, therefor, was only a tool that helped destroy the way of life and the power of the Native peoples. No additional sources cited.
Filename: RAblckelk.wps
Paper Title: Black Elk Speaks

Black Elk Speaks Book Review
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This 5 page paper looks at the book by John G. Neihardt entitled 'Black Elk Speaks'. It is the life story of one of the last great holy men of the Ogala Sioux and has many lesson and messages for the reader. The bibliography cites 1 source.
Filename: TEblkelk.wps
Paper Title: Black Elk Speaks Book Review

Blackfoot Mythology
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An 8 page overview of Blackfoot mythology and how it has change over time from an oral phenomenon to a written one. The author points out common elements in Blackfoot and other Native myths as well as in Christianity. Blackfoot mythology is a reflection of both history and the manner in which that history was passed on between generations. While the primary gists of this mythology has previously managed to survive the ravages of time, its conversion to a written format has perhaps gist in more threat to the original nature of myth than any other factor in history. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: PPnaBlkF.rtf
Paper Title: Blackfoot Mythology

California Native (Indians) to 1900.
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(5 pp) From documented information, according to McWilliams (1979) it is estimated that there were about 130,000 Indians in California. If that figure is close to accurate that would have meant that California had about 16% of Native America n peoples in the United States with about 5% of the land mass of the nation. Their history after the "periods of invasion" runs from bad to worse. Bibliography lists 3 sources
Filename: BBcalind.doc
Paper Title: California Native (Indians) to 1900.

California Ranchos in "Thrown Among Strangers" by Douglas Monroy
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A 3 page paper which examines the legacy of the Mexican Californian ranchos as seen in Douglas Monroy's "Thrown Among Strangers." Bibliography lists 1 additional source.
Filename: RAcara.rtf
Paper Title: California Ranchos in "Thrown Among Strangers" by Douglas Monroy

Canadian Indian Policy and the Problems Associated With It
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An 8 page investigation of the problems currently being confronted by Canada's First Peoples. This paper traces those problems to poor relations between those people and the Canadian government. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPnaCanPol.rtf
Paper Title: Canadian Indian Policy and the Problems Associated With It

Captain Cook
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A 5 page paper which examines the history of Captain Cook and the influence his discovery of the islands had upon the people. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: RAcpck.rtf
Paper Title: Captain Cook

Casino Gambling In California
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10 pages in length. Ever since Nevada's gambling Mecca began to turn a profit, other states have long attempted to gain similar revenues for their own communities. California and the Native American population are no different when it comes to tapping into the very lucrative aspect of casino gambling; however, the two entities have remained in battle over the legalities of having casino gambling on Indian reservations. At issue: California wants a piece of the action that the reservations are sure to cultivate. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: TLCcasCA.wps
Paper Title: Casino Gambling In California

Casino Tax Revenue and Local Government: Differences Between Native and Non-Native Contributions
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A 10 page review of Native American gaming and the revenues it provides to local government. The author contrasts Native American gaming with non-Native gaming establishments and emphasizes the role of tribal sovereignty and tax exemption in determining revenue contributions. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPcasinT.rtf
Paper Title: Casino Tax Revenue and Local Government: Differences Between Native and Non-Native Contributions

Changes in Native American Culture
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This 5 page paper looks at the Culture of the native Americans and the way in which it has changed over the years as a result of increased immigration to the United States. From the days before Columbus to the current day the culture has evolved through force rather than natural progression, the paper considers the positive and the negative aspects of these changes. The bibliography cites 1 source.
Filename: TEnatame.wps
Paper Title: Changes in Native American Culture

Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England": A Review of the Book by William Cronan
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A 4 page overview of the major points presented by this ethnohistorian. Cronan contends that The Native American inhabitants of New England at the point of European colonization viewed the land in a much different manner than did the colonist. They utilized its resources, of course, but they utilized those resources only for the purposes of their own sustenance. The colonists, in contrast, were intent on using the land not just for their own needs but for economic profit. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPcolEnv.rtf
Paper Title: Changes in the Land: Indians, Colonists, and the Ecology of New England": A Review of the Book by William Cronan

Changing Definitions: Native American Heritage as it Relates to DNA Testing
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A 10 page discussion of the governmental role and interest in the classification of "Native American". Explains the governmental restrictions as to who can classify themselves as Native American, the necessity of being on a tribal roll, and the inadequacies and injustices of that approach. Includes information about self-identification of race and ethnicity for the purpose of the U.S. Census and suggests that DNA typing would be a more acceptable means of qualifying for tribal rolls than would the methodologies which are in use today. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPnaDNA.wps
Paper Title: Changing Definitions: Native American Heritage as it Relates to DNA Testing

Charles Mann’s “1491”
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A 3 page review of Charles Mann’s book “1491.” No additional sources cited.
Filename: RA1491.rtf
Paper Title: Charles Mann’s “1491”

Cherokee Art
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A 3 page overview of Cherokee Art. The author emphasizes the connection Cherokee pottery has to ancient times and elaborates on its production. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: PPnaCherArt.rtf
Paper Title: Cherokee Art

Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce
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An 8 page overview of Chief Joseph's attitude and attempts to provide for the needs of his people. This paper includes fourteen direct quotes. Bibliography lists 7 sources.
Filename: PPnaNezP2.rtf
Paper Title: Chief Joseph of the Nez Perce

Christian Tragedies: “Hamlet” and “The Last Report on the Miracles at Little No Horse”
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A 4 page review of these two contrasting works of literature, one by Shakespeare and one by modern author Louise Endrich. The author contends that despite their contrasts, each is a Christian tragedy.
Filename: PPnaNoHr.rtf
Paper Title: Christian Tragedies: “Hamlet” and “The Last Report on the Miracles at Little No Horse”

Colonial Cognizance of Native American Distinction
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A 4 page overview of the fact that despite the tendency of early historians to skim over details on group distinction among Native Americans, early colonists were very aware of those distinctions. The author reviews Daniel Richter’s “Facing East from Indian Country : A Native History of Early America” and Karen Kupperman’s “Indians and English: Facing Off in Early America” to support this contention. No additional sources are listed.
Filename: PPnaLit3.rtf
Paper Title: Colonial Cognizance of Native American Distinction

Colonial Cuban Sugar Production: Impacts on Slavery and World Relations
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An 18 page overview of the historical setting of sugar production in Cuba. Emphasizes that sugar production not only impacted Cuban plantation owners and processors, it impacted a diversity of people the world over. While some of these impacts were positive, many were not. The concentration on sugar production permeated such aspects of Cuban life as land tenure, class structure, and even racial composition of the country. In many ways it can be contended that sugar production drove such deplorable societal institutions as slavery. Bibliography lists 10 sources.
Filename: PPcubSug.wps
Paper Title: Colonial Cuban Sugar Production: Impacts on Slavery and World Relations

Commitment and Cultural Diversity
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A 5 page discussion of one Native American woman's quest to understand cultural diversity, especially diversity in her law enforcement workplace. Relates the difficulties she encounters as a woman and how she helps to acquaint the rest of the workplace with Native American culture. Describes some of the problems Native Americans encounter and dispels some of the stereotypes. Bibliography lists 4 sources.
Filename: PPcommiB.wps
Paper Title: Commitment and Cultural Diversity

Comparison of Discrimination and Assimilation of African and Native Americans: Minority Groups, Cultural Changes, Colonization, Immigration, and Relations with the Dominant Group
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This is an 8 page paper discussing discrimination and assimilation of African and Native Americans. African Americans and Native Americans in the United States have experienced generations of discrimination and assimilation but from somewhat different perspectives. Native Americans were the most profoundly affected by colonization and were forced into minority group status and relocated by European whites who wanted the Native lands for their own needs similar to the minority group patterns in the theories of Robert Blauner. African Americans, on the other hand, have experienced two different forms of assimilation and discrimination in which those who were born here experienced legal segregation (until the 1960s Civil Rights Movements) in addition to discrimination and minority status based on “group inequity” in which the dominant group (white Anglo Europeans) believed African Americans to be inferior combined with “differential power” in which the dominant group was larger and had the resources to force the African Americans into minority status; ideas reflected in the theories of Donald L. Noel. African Americans are also comprised of immigrants who according to Blauner, made the decision to immigrate to the U.S. and therefore differ from those who were forced into minority status. Regardless of the origins of the Native Americans and African Americans, most sociologists agree that because they have been deemed “minority social races” they will continue to experience various forms of assimilation expectations and discrimination by the dominant group. Bibliography lists 8 sources.
Filename: TJANtAm1.rtf
Paper Title: Comparison of Discrimination and Assimilation of African and Native Americans: Minority Groups, Cultural Changes, Colonization, Immigration, and Relations with the Dominant Group

Concerns and Goals for First Nations Web Sites
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This is a 6 page paper discussing concerns and goals for the webmasters of First Nation web sites. With the introduction of globalization and increased accessibility to information technology around the world, researchers and historians have given up the idea of keeping some indigenous cultures free from outside influences. Originally the idea of indigenous peoples changing their lives to accommodate the new technologies caused a great deal of trepidation among anthropologists and native leaders, but now technology is a part of the everyday lives of native peoples, members within the First Nations are determining how best to represent themselves using Internet sites and how to differentiate their ideals from other international cultural sites. Largely, Native Americans are most interested in using their web sites to address important global, environmental and social issues which have been restricted and disregarded on larger national sites. Bibliography lists 5 sources.
Filename: TJFNweb1.rtf
Paper Title: Concerns and Goals for First Nations Web Sites

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